مروری بر ساختار و مشخصات موتورهای میکروتوربوجت

نوع مقاله : مقالات مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده مهندسی هوافضا، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه مکانیک، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

امروزه موتورهای میکروتوربوجت بدلیل داشتن تراست بالا در عین وزن کم و ابعاد کوچک، کاربرد گسترده‌ای در حوزه‌های مختلف از وسایل تفریحی تا پهپادها و موشک‌ها در صنایع نظامی پیدا کرده‌اند. با توجه به این کارآیی چشم‌گیر، شرکت‌های متعددی در این زمینه ورود کرده و محصولات متنوعی تولید شده است. این کاربرد وسیع و محصولات متعدد، باعث افزایش اهمیت تحقیقات مروری در این موضوع شده است. در این پژوهش، مطالعه گسترده‌ای بر روی موتورهای میکروتوربوجت با نیروی پیشران کمتر از ۱۰۰۰ نیوتن انجام شده است. این موتورها معمولا دارای قطر کمتر از ۳۰۰ میلیمتر، نسبت فشار کمپرسور کمتر از ۵ و مصرف سوخت کمتر از ۲۵۰۰ گرم بر دقیقه هستند. از مطالعه آماری موتورهای موجود در این محدوده تراست، اطلاعات مفیدی در رابطه با مشخصات ساختاری و عملکردی این دسته از موتورها حاصل شده که در قالب جداول و نمودارهایی ارائه می‌گردد. در تحقیق حاضر، اجزاء اصلی این موتورها شامل کمپرسور، محفظه احتراق و توربین و همچنین سامانه‌های جانبی مورد استفاده و نحوه ارتباط بین آنها تشریح می‌شود. اگرچه ساختار کلی این موتورها مشابه موتورهای هوایی بزرگ است اما در فلسفه طراحی، نوع اجزاء اصلی و جزئیات تفاوت‌های زیادی با موتورهای توربوجت بزرگ دارند. در انتهای مقاله مشخصات بیش از صد عدد موتور میکروتوربوجت موجود در سطح دنیا شامل محدوده تراست، ابعاد، دور موتور، نرخ جریان هوا و سوخت مصرفی و دمای توربین ارائه شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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