بررسی تاثیر سرعت دست در جوشکاری فولاد CK45 : تحلیل همزمان خواص مکانیکی، عملکرد خوردگی، انرژی و زمان فرآیند

نوع مقاله : مقاله مستقل

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشکدگان فنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار، دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشکدگان فنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده مهندسی مواد ، دانشگاه آزاد واحد سیرجان ، سیرجان ، ایران.

4 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان، ایران.

5 کارشناسی، دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

10.22044/jsfm.2025.16493.3991

چکیده

در این مطالعه، اثر سرعت دست در جوشکاری قوسی دستی با الکترود E6013 بر خواص ریزساختاری، خوردگی و مکانیکی جوش‌ فولاد CK45 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برای این منظور، پنج نمونه با سرعت‌های متفاوت دست (17، 20، 26، 32 و 39 سانتیمتر/دقیقه) در حالت تخت جوشکاری شدند. هدف اصلی، دستیابی به شرایط بهینه‌ای بود که در آن با تغییر تدریجی سرعت دست، خواص تا نقطه‌ای بهبود یافته و سپس با ادامه افزایش سرعت، این خواص دچار افت شوند. آزمون‌های انجام ‌شده شامل سختی‌سنجی ویکرز، خوردگی پتانسیودینامیک، آنالیز XRD (برای اندازه کریستالیت و میکروکرنش) و تحلیل OCP برای پایداری الکتروشیمیایی بودند. نتایج نشان داد که سرعت 26 سانتیمتر/دقیقه دارای بهترین عملکرد میانگین بوده و در آن کمترین میکروکرنش (0021/0) و اندازه کریستالیت (68 نانومتر) و بیشترین سختی (265 ویکرز) ثبت شد. اگر چه نرخ خوردگی در این نمونه به ‌صورت میانگین (0079/0 میلیمتر/سال) باقی ماند، اما پایداری ساختاری و یکنواختی در توزیع فازها در آن محسوس بود. در مقابل، بیشترین نرخ خوردگی در سرعت 17 سانتیمتر/دقیقه با 022/0 میلیمتر/سال و کمترین آن در سرعت 39 سانتیمتر/دقیقه با 0021/0 میلیمتر/سال مشاهده شد، اما سختی در نمونه تولیدی در سرعت 39 سانتیمتر/دقیقه به کمترین مقدار (186 ویکرز) افت کرده بود. از منظر اقتصادی، زمان جوشکاری، مصرف انرژی و نرخ عیوب در سرعت میانی 36 سانتیمتر/دقیقه بهینه شد. این تحقیق نشان داد که تنظیم دقیق سرعت دست در جوشکاری دستی، نقشی کلیدی در تعادل بین خواص مکانیکی، مقاومت به خوردگی و کارایی صنعتی دارد و می‌تواند بهینه‌سازی موثری در فرآیندهای مهندسی جوش فراهم آورد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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