Numerical investigation of radar reflection reduction of quadratic surfaces and conical sections made of aluminum in the X-band frequency range: A study based on electromagnetic permittivity and permeability

Authors

1 Shahid Sattari Aeronautical University of Science and Technology

2 Department of Aerospace Engineering, Shahid Sattari Aeronautical University of Science and Technology

3 Shahid Sattari Aerial University of Science and Technology

10.22044/jsfm.2025.15682.3937

Abstract

The cross-sectional shaping method is recognized as an effective and common approach for reducing the radar cross-section of targets in defense systems and electronic warfare. This study numerically investigates the reduction of radar cross-section and electromagnetic signal loss of waves incident on conical sections and second-order surfaces made of aluminum using COMSOL software. The research begins by outlining the problem and the fundamental equations of electromagnetic waves based on Maxwell's relations and the Nicholson-Ross-Weir absorption and transmission equations in the X-band.

The test setup is designed to define the radiation and reflection parameters on non-Euclidean conical sections and second-order surfaces, including shapes such as elliptical, cylindrical, conical, continuous hyperbolic, elliptical parabolic, and spherical geometries. Simulations are conducted in the X-band range (8-12 GHz) under specific atmospheric conditions with one input port and one output port. The results include the scattering matrix and its first element (S11), which indicates the reflective behavior of the wave influenced by the material and shape of the structure. Additionally, the results indicate that the elliptical parabolic section recorded the highest electromagnetic reflection loss, equivalent to -8.2 dB, within the 10 GHz frequency range, corresponding to an absorption of over 80 to 90 percent of the incident wave.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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Journal of Solid and Fluid Mechanics
Volume 15, Issue 2
May and June 2025
Pages 65-80

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