Optimizing the performance of solar water heater energy storage system using phase change materials

Authors

1 Yazd university

2 Department of mechanical engineering, Yazd university

3 Ferdowsi university of Mashhad - faculty of engineering - department of mechanical engineering

10.22044/jsfm.2024.14027.3825

Abstract

Phase change materials (PCMs) can be used in solar water heaters to store excess heat energy available during sunny hours. The purpose of this study is to investigate the performance of the solar water heater system with heat pipe, along with the energy storage system containing phase change materials (PCMs). In this study, a cylindrical galvanized tank with double spiral coil and containing PCM acts as a thermal energy storage unit. Paraffin is used as PCM and water is used as a heat transfer fluid (HTF) to transfer heat from the water heater tank to the spiral tubes and from there to the energy storage tank. The charging and discharging process tests are carried out on sunny days and in real operating conditions. The importance of temperature changes of HTF heat transfer fluid and PCM phase change material as well as the range of changes have been discussed. Functional variables of charge and discharge energy and thermal energy efficiency have been studied. The calculated charging efficiency, 75.7 %and the efficiency of the energy storage unit for the discharge process was 61.1 %. PCM saved 2700 kJ of heat in 70 minutes for 80 ° C during charging and 1650 kJ of heat in 50 minutes at 25 ° C and 42 liters per minute in storage, discharge. He made energy. From the tests, it was found that PCM improves the performance of the system by increasing the charging energy efficiency and the thermal efficiency of the hot water storage tank.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] Hedayatizadeh, M., Y. Ajabshirchi, F. Sarhaddi, A. Safavinejad, S. Farahat, and H. Chaji. 2013. Thermal and electrical assessment of an integrated solar photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) water collector equipped with a compound parabolic concentrator (CPC). Int. J. Green Energ. 10:494–522.
[2] Cabeza, L. F., M. Ibanez, C. Sole, J. Roca, and M. Nogue´s. 2006. Experimentation with a water tank, including a PCM module. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 90:1273–82.
[3] Kousksou, T., P. Bruel, G. Cherreau,V. Leoussoff, and T. El Rhafiki. 2011. PCM storage for solar DHW: From an unfulfilled promise to a real benefit. Solar Energy 85:2033–40.
[4] Fazilati, M.A., and A. A. Alemrajabi. 2013. Phase change material for enhancing solar water heater, an experimental approach. Energy Conversion and Management 71:138–45.
[5] Talmatsky, E., and A. Kribus. 2008. PCM storage for solar DHW: An unfulfilled promise. Solar Energy 82:861–69
[6] Huang, M. J., P. C. Eames, S. McCormack, P. Grifflths, and N. J. Hewitt. 2011. Microencapsulated phase change slurries for thermal energy storage in a residential solar energy system. Renewable Energy 36:2932–39.
[7] Wu, S., G. Fang, and X. Liu. 2011. Dynamic discharging characteristic simulation on solar heat storage system with spherical capsules using paraffln as heat storage material. Renewable Energy 36:1190–95.
[8] Rezania, A., H. Taherian, and D. D. Ganji. 2012. Experimental investigation of a natural circulation solar domestic water heater performance under standard consumption rate. Int. J. Green Energ. 9:322–34.
[9] Mazman, M., F. Luisa, L. F. Cabeza, H. Mehling, M. Nogues, H. Evliya, and H. O. Paksoy. 2009. Utilization of phase change materials in solar domestic hot water systems. Renewable Energy 34:1639–43.
[10] Rosen, M. A. 2001. The exergy of stratified thermal energy storages. Solar Energy 71:173–85.
[11] Castell, A., C. Sole, M. Medrano, J. Roca, L. F. Cabeza, and D. Garcia. 2008. Natural convection heat transfer coefficients in phase change material (PCM) modules with external vertical fins. Applied Thermal Engineering 28:1676–86.
[12] Awani, ., R. Chargui, and B. Tashtoush. 2021. Experimental nd numerical evaluation of a new design of a solar thermosyphon water heating system with phase change material. J. Energ. Stor. 41,102948.
[13] Fahad, F. S. and I. Koc . 2022. An experimental study to improve solar heating water using PCM and integrated with helical heat exchanger. Basrah J. Eng. Sci., Vol. 22, No. 2, 72-79.
[14] Syahruddin, A., Jalaluddin and A. Hayat. 2020. Performance analysis of solar water heating system with plate collector integrated PCM storage. Int. J. of Eng.. pISSN 2615-5109 Volume 3, Number 2, pp. 143-149. 
[15] Halim, A., Jalaluddin, A. A. Mochtar and E. Arif. Performance investigation of solar water heating system integrated with PCM storage. 2020. J. Mech. Eng. Research and Developments. Vol. 43, No. 3, pp. 291-300.
[16] Omara, A., A., M., et al. Energy and exergy analysis of solar water heating system integrated with phase change material (PCM). 2018.  International Conference on Computer, Control, Electrical, and Electronics Engineering.
[17] H. Niyas, C.R.C. Rao, P. Muthukumar, Performance investigation of wania lab-scale latent heat storage prototype – experimental results, Sol. Energy 155 (2017) 971–984.
[18] S. Seddegh, M.M. Joybari, X. Wang, F. Haghighat, Experimental and numerical characterization of natural convection in a vertical shell-and-tube latent thermal energy storage system, Sustain. Cities Soc. 35 (2017) 13–24.
[19] M.M. Joybari, F. Haghighat, S. Seddegh, Y. Yuan, Simultaneous charging and discharging of phase change materials: development of correlation for liquid fraction, Sol. Energy 188 (2019) 788–798.
[20] S.P. Jesumathy, M. Udayakumar, S. Suresh, S. Jegadheeswaran, An experimental study on heat transfer characteristics of paraffin wax in horizontal double pipe heat latent heat storage unit, J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng. 45 (2014) 1298–1306.
[21] R. Anish, V. Mariappan, M. Mastani Joybari, Experimental investigation on the melting and solidification behavior of erythritol in a horizontal shell and multi-finned tube latent heat storage unit, Appl. Therm. Eng. 161 (2019) 114194.
[22] M. Kabbara, D. Groulx, A. Joseph, A parametric experimental investigation of the heat transfer in a coil-in-tank latent heat energy storage system, Int. J. Therm. Sci. 130 (2018) 395–405.
[23] F. Agyenim, the use of enhanced heat transfer phase change materials (PCM) to improve the coefficient of performance (COP) of solar powered LiBr/H 2 O absorption cooling systems, Renew. Energy 87 (2016) 229–239.
[24] D.K. Johar, D. Sharma, S.L. Soni, P.K. Gupta, R. Goyal, Experimental investigation on latent heat thermal energy storage system for stationary C.I. engine exhaust, Appl. Therm. Eng. 104 (2016) 64–73.
[25] Y. Wang, L. Wang, N. Xie, X. Lin, H. Chen, Experimental study on the melting and solidification behavior of erythritol in a vertical shell-and-tube latent heat thermal storage unit, Int. J. Heat Mass Tran. 99 (2016) 770–781.
[26] A. Al-Abidi, S. Mat, K. Sopian, Y. Sulaiman, A. Mohammad, Heat transfer enhancement for PCM thermal energy storage in triplex tube heat exchanger, Heat Tran. Eng. 37 (2016) 705–712.
[27] M. Rezaei, M.R. Anisur, M.H. Mahfuz, M.A. Kibria, R. Saidur, I.H.S.C. Metselaar, Performance and cost analysis of phase change materials with different melting temperatures in heating systems, Energy 53 (2013) 173–178.
Journal of Solid and Fluid Mechanics
Volume 14, Issue 2
May and June 2024
Pages 95-110

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics