Effect of Plate Numbers on Optimal Condition of Gasket Heat Exchanger with Graphene-Carbon Nanotube Hybrid

Authors

1 mechanical/ferdowsi uni./ mashhad

2 Mech. Eng., Ferdowsi Univ., mashhad, Iran

Abstract

In this study, the nanofluid hybrid (the graphene-Carbon nanotube) was stabilized in a water-based fluid by sodium dodecyl sulfate as a surfactant. The prepared nanofluid was in contact with hot water in a plate heat exchanger with 11, 13, 15, and 17 plates. The flow rate and the number of plate effects on heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop were analyzed experimentally. Results in laminar flow regime showed that any increase in plate numbers causes a decrease in the overall heat transfer coefficient (26.1%) and pressure drop (52.5%). The efficiency, and pumping power, and thermal effectiveness of nanofluid were also examined. It indicated that any increase in plate numbers increases the effectiveness and efficiency, and decreases the pumping power. Experiments were also designed to find the optimal conditions by the Taguchi method. The results showed that reduction in nanofluid volume flow rate is more effective than increase in the number of plates for exchanger efficiency. The optimal condition relates to the maximum number of plates and minimum hybrid volume flow rate (overall heat transfer coefficient 978.5 W/ m2.K, pressure drop 0.070 kPa, hybrid thermal effectiveness 93%, pumping power 0.0023 kW and exchanger efficiency of 1.2098). The accuracy of the results was confirmed by comparing Taguchi results to the experiments.

Highlights

[1] Bahiraei M, Rahmani R, Yaghoobi A, Khodabandeh E, Mashayekhi R, Amani M (2018) Recent research contributions concerning use of nanofluids in heat exchangers: A critical review. Appl Therm Eng 133: 137-159.

[2] Qiu L, Zhu N, Feng Y, Michaelides EE, Żyła G, Jing D, Zhang X, Norris, PM, Markides CHN, Mahian O (2020) A review of recent advances in thermophysical properties at the nanoscale: From solid state to colloids. Phys Rep 843: 1-81.

[3] Sadri R, Zangeneh Kamali K, Hosseini M, Zubir N, Kazi SN, Ahmadi G, Golsheikh AM (2017) Experimental study on thermo-physical and rheological properties of stable and green reduced graphene oxide nanofluids: Hydrothermal assisted technique. J Disper Sci Technol 38(9): 1302-1310.

[4] Tiwari AK, Ghosh P, Sarkar J (2015) Particle concentration levels of various nanofluids in plate heat exchanger for best performance. Int J Heat Mass Tran 89: 1110-1118.

[5] Huang D, Wu Z, Sunden B (2016) Effects of hybrid nanofluid mixture in plate heat exchangers. Exp Therm Fluid Sci 72: 190-196.

[6] Giwa SO, Sharifpur M, Goodarzi M, Alsulami H, Meyer JP (2021) Influence of base fluid, temperature, and concentration on the thermophysical properties of hybrid nanofluids of alumina–ferrofluid: experimental data, modeling through enhanced ANN, ANFIS, and curve fitting. J Therm Anal Calorim 143(6): 4149-4167.

[7] Caradonna A, Badini C, Padovano E, Pietroluongo M (2019) Electrical and thermal conductivity of epoxy-carbon filler composites processed by calendaring. Mater 12(9): 1522.

[8] Nadooshan AA, Eshgarf H, Afrand M (2018) Measuring the viscosity of Fe3O4-MWCNTs/EG hybrid nanofluid for evaluation of thermal efficiency: Newtonian and non-Newtonian behavior. J Mol Liq 253: 169-177.

[9] Xian H, Sidik NAC, Saidur R (2020) Impact of different surfactants and ultrasonication time on the stability and thermophysical properties of hybrid nanofluids. Int Commun Heat Mass 110: 104389.

[10] Moradi M, Abouchenari A, Pudine M, Sharifianjazi F (2021) The effect of polymeric surfactant content on the mechanical properties of Al/GNP nanocomposites.  Mater Chem Phys 257: 123831.

[11] Shanbedi M, Amiri A, Heris SZ, Eshghi H, Yarmand H (2018) Effect of magnetic field on thermo-physical and hydrodynamic properties of different metals-decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes-based water coolants in a closed conduit.  J Therm Anal Calorim 131(2): 1089-1106.

[12] Amiri A, Shanbedi M, AliAkbarzade MJ (2016) The specific heat capacity, effective thermal conductivity, density, and viscosity of coolants containing carboxylic acid functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes. J Disper Sci Technol 37(7): 949-955.

[13] Goodarzi M, Amiri A, Goodarzi MS, Safaei MR, Karimipour A, Languri EM, Dahari M (2015) Investigation of heat transfer and pressure drop of a counter flow corrugated plate heat exchanger using MWCNT based nanofluids. Int Commun Heat Mass 66: 172-179.

[14] Agromayor R, Cabaleiro D, Pardinas AA, Vallejo JP, Fernandez-Seara J, Lugo L (2016) Heat transfer performance of functionalized graphene nanoplatelet aqueous nanofluids. Materials 9(6): 455.

[15] Allahyar HR, Hormozi F, ZareNezhad B (2016) Experimental investigation on the thermal performance of a coiled heat exchanger using a new hybrid nanofluid. Exp Therm Fluid Sci 76: 324-329.

[16] Megatif L, Ghozatloo A, Arimi A, Shariati-Niasar M (2016) Investigation of laminar convective heat transfer of a novel TiO2–carbon nanotube hybrid water-based nanofluid. Exp Heat Transfer 29(1): 124-138.

[17] Amiri A, Sadri R, Shanbedi M, Ahmadi G, Kazi SN, Chew BT, Zubir MNM (2015) Synthesis of ethylene glycol-treated graphene nanoplatelets with one-pot, microwave-assisted functionalization for use as a high performance engine coolant. Energ Convers Manage 101: 767-777.

[18] Kumar B, Singh SN (2017) Study of pressure drop in single pass U-type plate heat exchanger. Exp Therm Fluid Sci 87: 40-49.

[19] Demirkır Ç, Ertürk H (2021) Convective heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of graphene-water nanofluids in transitional flow. Int Commun Heat Mass 121: 105092.

[20] Bozorgan N, Shafahi M (2017) Analysis of gasketed-plate heat exchanger performance using nanofluid. Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Research 4(1): 65-72.

[21] Ramezani Azghandi O, Maghrebi MJ, Teymourtash AR (2021) Investigation and optimization of heat transfer coefficient of MWCNTs-Water nanofluids in a plate heat exchanger. Int J Nano Dimens 12(2): 104-112.

[22] Naddaf A, Heris SZ (2018) Experimental study on thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of diesel oil-based nanofluids of graphene nanoplatelets and carbon nanotubes. Int J Heat Mass Tran  95: 116-122.

[23] Mansour RB, Galanis N, Nguyen CT (2007) Effect of uncertainties in physical properties on forced convection heat transfer with nanofluids. Appl Therm Eng 27(1): 240-249.

[24] Zahrani SAL, Islam MS, Saha SC (2021) Heat transfer enhancement investigation in a novel flat plate heat exchanger. Int J Therm Sci 161: 106763.

[25] Kakac S., Liu H, Pramuanjaroenkij A (2002) Heat exchangers: selection, rating, and thermal design. CRC press.

[26] Akturk F, Sezer-Uzol N, Aradag S, Kakac S (2015) Experimental investigation and performance analysis of gasketed-plate heat exchangers. J Therm Sci Tech-Jpn 35(1): 43-52.

[27] Shokouhmand H, Hasanpour M (2020) Effect of number of plates on the thermal performance of a plate heat exchanger with considering flow maldistribution. J. Energy Storage 32: 101907.

[28] Ramezani Azghandi O, Maghrebi MJ, Teymourtash AR (2016) Modification of Glucose biosensor using Pt/MWCNTs electrode and optimization by application of taguchi method. Int J Nano Dimens 7(3): 231-239.

Keywords

References

[1] Bahiraei M, Rahmani R, Yaghoobi A, Khodabandeh E, Mashayekhi R, Amani M (2018) Recent research contributions concerning use of nanofluids in heat exchangers: A critical review. Appl Therm Eng 133: 137-159.
[2] Qiu L, Zhu N, Feng Y, Michaelides EE, Żyła G, Jing D, Zhang X, Norris, PM, Markides CHN, Mahian O (2020) A review of recent advances in thermophysical properties at the nanoscale: From solid state to colloids. Phys Rep 843: 1-81.
[3] Sadri R, Zangeneh Kamali K, Hosseini M, Zubir N, Kazi SN, Ahmadi G, Golsheikh AM (2017) Experimental study on thermo-physical and rheological properties of stable and green reduced graphene oxide nanofluids: Hydrothermal assisted technique. J Disper Sci Technol 38(9): 1302-1310.
[4] Tiwari AK, Ghosh P, Sarkar J (2015) Particle concentration levels of various nanofluids in plate heat exchanger for best performance. Int J Heat Mass Tran 89: 1110-1118.
[5] Huang D, Wu Z, Sunden B (2016) Effects of hybrid nanofluid mixture in plate heat exchangers. Exp Therm Fluid Sci 72: 190-196.
[6] Giwa SO, Sharifpur M, Goodarzi M, Alsulami H, Meyer JP (2021) Influence of base fluid, temperature, and concentration on the thermophysical properties of hybrid nanofluids of alumina–ferrofluid: experimental data, modeling through enhanced ANN, ANFIS, and curve fitting. J Therm Anal Calorim 143(6): 4149-4167.
[7] Caradonna A, Badini C, Padovano E, Pietroluongo M (2019) Electrical and thermal conductivity of epoxy-carbon filler composites processed by calendaring. Mater 12(9): 1522.
[8] Nadooshan AA, Eshgarf H, Afrand M (2018) Measuring the viscosity of Fe3O4-MWCNTs/EG hybrid nanofluid for evaluation of thermal efficiency: Newtonian and non-Newtonian behavior. J Mol Liq 253: 169-177.
[9] Xian H, Sidik NAC, Saidur R (2020) Impact of different surfactants and ultrasonication time on the stability and thermophysical properties of hybrid nanofluids. Int Commun Heat Mass 110: 104389.
[10] Moradi M, Abouchenari A, Pudine M, Sharifianjazi F (2021) The effect of polymeric surfactant content on the mechanical properties of Al/GNP nanocomposites.  Mater Chem Phys 257: 123831.
[11] Shanbedi M, Amiri A, Heris SZ, Eshghi H, Yarmand H (2018) Effect of magnetic field on thermo-physical and hydrodynamic properties of different metals-decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes-based water coolants in a closed conduit.  J Therm Anal Calorim 131(2): 1089-1106.
[12] Amiri A, Shanbedi M, AliAkbarzade MJ (2016) The specific heat capacity, effective thermal conductivity, density, and viscosity of coolants containing carboxylic acid functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes. J Disper Sci Technol 37(7): 949-955.
[13] Goodarzi M, Amiri A, Goodarzi MS, Safaei MR, Karimipour A, Languri EM, Dahari M (2015) Investigation of heat transfer and pressure drop of a counter flow corrugated plate heat exchanger using MWCNT based nanofluids. Int Commun Heat Mass 66: 172-179.
[14] Agromayor R, Cabaleiro D, Pardinas AA, Vallejo JP, Fernandez-Seara J, Lugo L (2016) Heat transfer performance of functionalized graphene nanoplatelet aqueous nanofluids. Materials 9(6): 455.
[15] Allahyar HR, Hormozi F, ZareNezhad B (2016) Experimental investigation on the thermal performance of a coiled heat exchanger using a new hybrid nanofluid. Exp Therm Fluid Sci 76: 324-329.
[16] Megatif L, Ghozatloo A, Arimi A, Shariati-Niasar M (2016) Investigation of laminar convective heat transfer of a novel TiO2–carbon nanotube hybrid water-based nanofluid. Exp Heat Transfer 29(1): 124-138.
[17] Amiri A, Sadri R, Shanbedi M, Ahmadi G, Kazi SN, Chew BT, Zubir MNM (2015) Synthesis of ethylene glycol-treated graphene nanoplatelets with one-pot, microwave-assisted functionalization for use as a high performance engine coolant. Energ Convers Manage 101: 767-777.
[18] Kumar B, Singh SN (2017) Study of pressure drop in single pass U-type plate heat exchanger. Exp Therm Fluid Sci 87: 40-49.
[19] Demirkır Ç, Ertürk H (2021) Convective heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of graphene-water nanofluids in transitional flow. Int Commun Heat Mass 121: 105092.
[20] Bozorgan N, Shafahi M (2017) Analysis of gasketed-plate heat exchanger performance using nanofluid. Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Research 4(1): 65-72.
[21] Ramezani Azghandi O, Maghrebi MJ, Teymourtash AR (2021) Investigation and optimization of heat transfer coefficient of MWCNTs-Water nanofluids in a plate heat exchanger. Int J Nano Dimens 12(2): 104-112.
[22] Naddaf A, Heris SZ (2018) Experimental study on thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of diesel oil-based nanofluids of graphene nanoplatelets and carbon nanotubes. Int J Heat Mass Tran  95: 116-122.
[23] Mansour RB, Galanis N, Nguyen CT (2007) Effect of uncertainties in physical properties on forced convection heat transfer with nanofluids. Appl Therm Eng 27(1): 240-249.
[24] Zahrani SAL, Islam MS, Saha SC (2021) Heat transfer enhancement investigation in a novel flat plate heat exchanger. Int J Therm Sci 161: 106763.
[25] Kakac S., Liu H, Pramuanjaroenkij A (2002) Heat exchangers: selection, rating, and thermal design. CRC press.
[26] Akturk F, Sezer-Uzol N, Aradag S, Kakac S (2015) Experimental investigation and performance analysis of gasketed-plate heat exchangers. J Therm Sci Tech-Jpn 35(1): 43-52.
[27] Shokouhmand H, Hasanpour M (2020) Effect of number of plates on the thermal performance of a plate heat exchanger with considering flow maldistribution. J. Energy Storage 32: 101907.
[28] Ramezani Azghandi O, Maghrebi MJ, Teymourtash AR (2016) Modification of Glucose biosensor using Pt/MWCNTs electrode and optimization by application of taguchi method. Int J Nano Dimens 7(3): 231-239.
Journal of Solid and Fluid Mechanics
Volume 11, Issue 5
November and December 2021
Pages 149-163

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