@article { author = {کلته, محمد and عباسی, عباس and بهرامی, مجید}, title = {An Approximate Model for Slug Flow Heat Transfer in Channels of Arbitrary Cross Section}, journal = {Journal of Solid and Fluid Mechanics}, volume = {2}, number = {3}, pages = {1-7}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Shahrood University of Technology}, issn = {2251-9475}, eissn = {2251-9483}, doi = {10.22044/jsfm.2012.69}, abstract = {In this paper, a novel approximate solution to determine the Nusselt number for thermally developed, slug (low-prandtl), laminar, single phase flow in channels of arbitrary cross section is presented. Using the Saint-Venant principle in torsion of beams, it is shown that the thermally developed Nusselt number for low-prandtl flow is only a function of the geometrical parameters of the channel cross section, i.e., area, perimeter and non-dimensional polar moment of inertia. The new proposed model is compared with the existing numerical results for elliptic, rectangular, regular polygonal, flat plate, isosceles triangular, equilateral triangular and circular sector channels. The model predicts the Nusselt number for the above mentioned channels within the about 10% or better with the exception of the circular sector in very small aspect ratios. The new model is expected to be accurate for other singly connected channels and can be used to determine the fully developed turbulent Nusselt number for liquid metal flows. Finally, the proposed model is used to determine the slug flow Nusselt number for unavailable geometries in the literature such as rhombic, circular segment, annular sector channel as well as rectangular channel with semicircular ends.}, keywords = {Nusselt number,Laminar,Slug,Arbitrary Cross Section,Approximate Model}, title_fa = {An approximate model for slug flow heat transfer in channels of arbitrary cross section}, abstract_fa = {In this paper, a novel approximate solution to determine the Nusselt number for thermally developed, slug (low-prandtl), laminar, single phase flow in channels of arbitrary cross section is presented. Using the Saint-Venant principle in torsion of beams, it is shown that the thermally developed Nusselt number for low-prandtl flow is only a function of the geometrical parameters of the channel cross section, i.e., area, perimeter and non-dimensional polar moment of inertia. The new proposed model is compared with the existing numerical results for elliptic, rectangular, regular polygonal, flat plate, isosceles triangular, equilateral triangular and circular sector channels. The model predicts the Nusselt number for the above mentioned channels within the about 10% or better with the exception of the circular sector in very small aspect ratios. The new model is expected to be accurate for other singly connected channels and can be used to determine the fully developed turbulent Nusselt number for liquid metal flows. Finally, the proposed model is used to determine the slug flow Nusselt number for unavailable geometries in the literature such as rhombic, circular segment, annular sector channel as well as rectangular channel with semicircular ends.}, keywords_fa = {Nusselt number,Laminar,Slug,Arbitrary Cross Section,Approximate Model}, url = {https://jsfm.shahroodut.ac.ir/article_69.html}, eprint = {https://jsfm.shahroodut.ac.ir/article_69_c8d0a7ec8becc0124411a7260c94801e.pdf} } @article { author = {به نیا, محسن and نیلی احمدآبادی, مهدی}, title = {ONE-DIMENSIONAL DESIGN OF A THREE-STAGE AXIAL COMPRESSOR WITH ITS 3D NUMERICAL SIMULATION}, journal = {Journal of Solid and Fluid Mechanics}, volume = {2}, number = {3}, pages = {9-17}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Shahrood University of Technology}, issn = {2251-9475}, eissn = {2251-9483}, doi = {10.22044/jsfm.2013.152}, abstract = {The purpose of this study is to design a three-stage axial compressor with identical pressure ratio which makes an adequate pressure ratio and efficiency in design point conditions with rotational velocity of 38000rpm and mass flow rate of 3.2kg/s. First of all, considering some restrictions such as Dehaller number more than 0.7 in all sections of the stator and the rotor, and relative Mach number less than 0.8 at the tip of the rotor blade [1], one dimensional design is performed. In this design, blade base diameter is considered the same in all stages, regarding shaft diameter. In order to reduce casing diameter, inlet guide vanes are utilized so that the relative Mach number at the tip of the first stage rotor blade decreases. Therefore, the design of the rotor blades and the stator are based on reaction coefficient of 0.5. According to calculated input and output angles, adequate profile for each section is selected from NACA-Mellor diagrams. The output of the one dimensional design program is calculation of all the geometric parameters including blades input and output angles, blades length and diameter, solidity coefficient, number of blades and installation angle at three different sections of hub, mid and tip in compliance with the constraints. Thus, the three-dimensional shape of the blades is created. To investigate the performance of the designed compressor at design point, an appropriate grid is selected on the three-dimensional geometry of the compressor and the three-dimensional numerical solution is obtained using a full Navier-Stokes program.}, keywords = {Axial compressor,One dimensional design,Numerical Simulation,Dehaller}, title_fa = {One-Dimensional design of a three-stage axial compressor with Its 3D numerical simulation}, abstract_fa = {The purpose of this study is to design a three-stage axial compressor with identical pressure ratio which makes an adequate pressure ratio and efficiency in design point conditions with rotational velocity of 38000rpm and mass flow rate of 3.2kg/s. First of all, considering some restrictions such as Dehaller number more than 0.7 in all sections of the stator and the rotor, and relative Mach number less than 0.8 at the tip of the rotor blade [1], one dimensional design is performed. In this design, blade base diameter is considered the same in all stages, regarding shaft diameter. In order to reduce casing diameter, inlet guide vanes are utilized so that the relative Mach number at the tip of the first stage rotor blade decreases. Therefore, the design of the rotor blades and the stator are based on reaction coefficient of 0.5. According to calculated input and output angles, adequate profile for each section is selected from NACA-Mellor diagrams. The output of the one dimensional design program is calculation of all the geometric parameters including blades input and output angles, blades length and diameter, solidity coefficient, number of blades and installation angle at three different sections of hub, mid and tip in compliance with the constraints. Thus, the three-dimensional shape of the blades is created. To investigate the performance of the designed compressor at design point, an appropriate grid is selected on the three-dimensional geometry of the compressor and the three-dimensional numerical solution is obtained using a full Navier-Stokes program.}, keywords_fa = {Axial compressor,One dimensional design,Numerical Simulation,Dehaller}, url = {https://jsfm.shahroodut.ac.ir/article_152.html}, eprint = {https://jsfm.shahroodut.ac.ir/article_152_b996920cc1cf6d46e1e86a8d79eadcf2.pdf} } @article { author = {Sedaghat, Mohammad Hadi and Yaghoubi, Mahmood and Maghrebi, Mohammad Javad}, title = {On the natural convective heat transfer from a cold horizontal cylinder over an adiabatic surface}, journal = {Journal of Solid and Fluid Mechanics}, volume = {2}, number = {3}, pages = {19-28}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Shahrood University of Technology}, issn = {2251-9475}, eissn = {2251-9483}, doi = {10.22044/jsfm.2013.93}, abstract = {A steady two-dimensional laminar free convection heat transfer from a cold horizontal isothermal cylinder located above an adiabatic floor is studied both experimentally and numerically. In the experimental measurements the effects of cylinder distance from horizontal floor to its diameter (L/D) on heat transfer coefficient is studied for Rayleigh numbers of 3×105 and 6×105. Computations are made using OpenFOAM (an open source ) code for wide range of Rayleigh numbers from 104 to 106 and comparisons are made with the corresponding experimental measurements. Flow stream lines and isothermal lines are plotted for different cylinder relative positions. Results indicate that cold plume flows downstream and strikes to the horizontal floor and moves horizontally away from cylinder over the horizontal floor. The finite space between cylinder and floor makes the flow different from those cylinders surrounded by an infinite medium. Results also indicate that variation of average heat transfer coefficient of the cold cylinder is highly affected by L/D. A new correlation for estimation of convection heat transfer for a single horizontal cylinder placed over an adiabatic floor is also developed.}, keywords = {Free Convection,laminar flow,cold horizontal cylinder,adiabatic floor,OpenFOAM}, title_fa = {On the natural convective heat transfer from a cold horizontal cylinder over an adiabatic surface}, abstract_fa = {A steady two-dimensional laminar free convection heat transfer from a cold horizontal isothermal cylinder located above an adiabatic floor is studied both experimentally and numerically. In the experimental measurements the effects of cylinder distance from horizontal floor to its diameter (L/D) on heat transfer coefficient is studied for Rayleigh numbers of 3×105 and 6×105. Computations are made using OpenFOAM (an open source ) code for wide range of Rayleigh numbers from 104 to 106 and comparisons are made with the corresponding experimental measurements. Flow stream lines and isothermal lines are plotted for different cylinder relative positions. Results indicate that cold plume flows downstream and strikes to the horizontal floor and moves horizontally away from cylinder over the horizontal floor. The finite space between cylinder and floor makes the flow different from those cylinders surrounded by an infinite medium. Results also indicate that variation of average heat transfer coefficient of the cold cylinder is highly affected by L/D. A new correlation for estimation of convection heat transfer for a single horizontal cylinder placed over an adiabatic floor is also developed.}, keywords_fa = {Free Convection,laminar flow,cold horizontal cylinder,adiabatic floor,OpenFOAM}, url = {https://jsfm.shahroodut.ac.ir/article_93.html}, eprint = {https://jsfm.shahroodut.ac.ir/article_93_be16c4dd5fe5fd1d0b095e754aff9c3a.pdf} } @article { author = {Pouyan, A.A and Mazinanian, Z and Shams, Reza}, title = {A Rule-based Evaluation of Ladder Logic Diagram and Timed Petri Nets for Programmable Logic Controllers}, journal = {Journal of Solid and Fluid Mechanics}, volume = {2}, number = {3}, pages = {29-34}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Shahrood University of Technology}, issn = {2251-9475}, eissn = {2251-9483}, doi = {10.22044/jsfm.2013.153}, abstract = {This paper describes an evaluation through a case study by measuring a rule-based approach, which proposed for ladder logic diagrams and Petri nets. In the beginning, programmable logic controllers were widely designed by ladder logic diagrams. When complexity and functionality of manufacturing systems increases, developing their software is becoming more difficult. Thus, Petri nets as a high level specification language were offered. Rule-based approach tends to a unified measurement for both ladder logic diagrams and Petri nets. The proposed approach is performed in three levels and its complexity increases level by level. We have shown that, when the levels are more complex, Petri nets are more tractable and more verifiable. Moreover, it can be concluded that Petri nets are superior to ladder logic diagrams. This feature enhances the verifiability of modeled systems. The proposed approach a net system control model, which can be directly compiled to a executable control code for designing and analysis of complex manufacturing systems.}, keywords = {Ladder logic diagram,Petri net,Timed Petri net,Programmable logic controllers,Manufacturing systems}, title_fa = {A rule-based evaluation of ladder logic diagram and timed petri nets for programmable logic controllers}, abstract_fa = {This paper describes an evaluation through a case study by measuring a rule-based approach, which proposed for ladder logic diagrams and Petri nets. In the beginning, programmable logic controllers were widely designed by ladder logic diagrams. When complexity and functionality of manufacturing systems increases, developing their software is becoming more difficult. Thus, Petri nets as a high level specification language were offered. Rule-based approach tends to a unified measurement for both ladder logic diagrams and Petri nets. The proposed approach is performed in three levels and its complexity increases level by level. We have shown that, when the levels are more complex, Petri nets are more tractable and more verifiable. Moreover, it can be concluded that Petri nets are superior to ladder logic diagrams. This feature enhances the verifiability of modeled systems. The proposed approach a net system control model, which can be directly compiled to a executable control code for designing and analysis of complex manufacturing systems.}, keywords_fa = {Ladder logic diagram,Petri net,Timed Petri net,Programmable logic controllers,Manufacturing systems}, url = {https://jsfm.shahroodut.ac.ir/article_153.html}, eprint = {https://jsfm.shahroodut.ac.ir/article_153_a0858c4637634929baa8600cfda5ba11.pdf} } @article { author = {Fateh, Mohammad Mehdi and Baluchzadeh, Maryam}, title = {Optimal Discrete-Time Control of Robot Manipulators in Repetitive Tasks}, journal = {Journal of Solid and Fluid Mechanics}, volume = {2}, number = {3}, pages = {35-44}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Shahrood University of Technology}, issn = {2251-9475}, eissn = {2251-9483}, doi = {10.22044/jsfm.2013.91}, abstract = {Optimal discrete-time control of linear systems has been presented already. There are some difficulties to design an optimal discrete-time control of robot manipulator since the robot manipulator is highly nonlinear and uncertain. This paper presents a novel robust optimal discrete-time control of electrically driven robot manipulators for performing repetitive tasks. The robot performs repetitive tasks by tracking a periodic trajectory. The proposed controller includes a discrete linear quadratic controller and a time-delay controller. To apply the discrete linear quadratic controller, a novel nominal model is obtained for the robotic system which is discrete, linear, and time-invariant. Then, nonlinearities and uncertainties of the robotic system are compensated by the robust time-delay controller. The proposed control law is verified by stability analysis and its effectiveness is illustrated by simulations. Recently, time-optimal and minimum-norm discrete repetitive control of robot manipulators has been proposed. Compared with it, the proposed control has an advantage of being free from manipulator dynamics, thus it is simpler, more robust, and less computational with smoother control efforts.}, keywords = {Optimal discrete repetitive control,Discrete linear quadratic control,Time-delay control,robot manipulators}, title_fa = {Optimal discrete-time control of robot manipulators in repetitive tasks}, abstract_fa = {Optimal discrete-time control of linear systems has been presented already. There are some difficulties to design an optimal discrete-time control of robot manipulator since the robot manipulator is highly nonlinear and uncertain. This paper presents a novel robust optimal discrete-time control of electrically driven robot manipulators for performing repetitive tasks. The robot performs repetitive tasks by tracking a periodic trajectory. The proposed controller includes a discrete linear quadratic controller and a time-delay controller. To apply the discrete linear quadratic controller, a novel nominal model is obtained for the robotic system which is discrete, linear, and time-invariant. Then, nonlinearities and uncertainties of the robotic system are compensated by the robust time-delay controller. The proposed control law is verified by stability analysis and its effectiveness is illustrated by simulations. Recently, time-optimal and minimum-norm discrete repetitive control of robot manipulators has been proposed. Compared with it, the proposed control has an advantage of being free from manipulator dynamics, thus it is simpler, more robust, and less computational with smoother control efforts.}, keywords_fa = {Optimal discrete repetitive control,Discrete linear quadratic control,Time-delay control,robot manipulators}, url = {https://jsfm.shahroodut.ac.ir/article_91.html}, eprint = {https://jsfm.shahroodut.ac.ir/article_91_3f810b60565b9471d15a3d64c4dc1e82.pdf} } @article { author = {ویسی, محمد and سلطانپور, محمد رضا}, title = {Eliminating chattering phenomenon in sliding mode control of robotic manipulators using fuzzy logic}, journal = {Journal of Solid and Fluid Mechanics}, volume = {2}, number = {3}, pages = {45-54}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Shahrood University of Technology}, issn = {2251-9475}, eissn = {2251-9483}, doi = {10.22044/jsfm.2013.154}, abstract = {In industrial robotic manipulator, due to the presence of quite nonlinear dynamic and structural and nonstructural uncertainties, a precise model is not easily obtained. As a result, designing a controller with a suitable function based on system model is a challenging issue. Sliding mode control is a robust control with numerous applications which can overcome the aforementioned uncertainties. However, this control method has several defects such as chattering in input control in implementing stage. In this article, Fuzzy sliding mode control based on TSK method for controlling manipulator position tracking is suggested. This control method not only has advantages of sliding mode but also it has no chattering control effect in implementation process. To exhibit the function of sliding mode control, a case study is implemented on a robot manipulator with two revolute joints. The mathematical proofs and the simulation results reveal the desirable efficiency of Fuzzy sliding mode control.}, keywords = {Robot Manipulator,Joint space,Uncertainty,fuzzy sliding mode control,TSK method}, title_fa = {Eliminating chattering phenomenon in sliding mode control of robot manipulators in the joint space using fuzzy logic}, abstract_fa = {In industrial robotic manipulator, due to the presence of quite nonlinear dynamic and structural and nonstructural uncertainties, a precise model is not easily obtained. As a result, designing a controller with a suitable function based on system model is a challenging issue. Sliding mode control is a robust control with numerous applications which can overcome the aforementioned uncertainties. However, this control method has several defects such as chattering in input control in implementing stage. In this article, Fuzzy sliding mode control based on TSK method for controlling manipulator position tracking is suggested. This control method not only has advantages of sliding mode but also it has no chattering control effect in implementation process. To exhibit the function of sliding mode control, a case study is implemented on a robot manipulator with two revolute joints. The mathematical proofs and the simulation results reveal the desirable efficiency of Fuzzy sliding mode control.}, keywords_fa = {بازوی ربات,فضای مفصلی,عدم قطعیت,کنترل مدلغزشی فازی,روش TSK}, url = {https://jsfm.shahroodut.ac.ir/article_154.html}, eprint = {https://jsfm.shahroodut.ac.ir/article_154_31799f7df737c7f3d98c2418a0144e52.pdf} } @article { author = {حاجی زاده, امین}, title = {Optimal Power Management of Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicles}, journal = {Journal of Solid and Fluid Mechanics}, volume = {2}, number = {3}, pages = {55-62}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Shahrood University of Technology}, issn = {2251-9475}, eissn = {2251-9483}, doi = {10.22044/jsfm.2012.68}, abstract = {This paper presents a control strategy developed for optimizing the power flow in a Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle structure. This method implements an on-line power management based on the optimal fuzzy controller between dual power sources that consist of a battery bank and a Fuel Cell (FC). The power management strategy in the hybrid control structure is crucial for balancing between efficiency and performance of hybrid systems. For optimization of fuzzy control strategy, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm has been considered to determine the battery’s state of charge and fuel cell power in maximum efficiency operating point. The fuel cell hybrid vehicle includes battery and fuel cell and its power train system include an Electric Motor (EM) and power electronic converters. Simulation results of hybrid system illustrate improvement in the operation efficiency of the fuel cell hybrid vehicle and the battery’s state of charge (SOC) and fuel cell utilization factor have been maintained at a reasonable level.}, keywords = {fuel cell,Battery,Hybrid Vehicle,fuzzy control,PSO,Optimization}, title_fa = {Optimal power management of fuel cell hybrid vehicles}, abstract_fa = {This paper presents a control strategy developed for optimizing the power flow in a Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle structure. This method implements an on-line power management based on the optimal fuzzy controller between dual power sources that consist of a battery bank and a Fuel Cell (FC). The power management strategy in the hybrid control structure is crucial for balancing between efficiency and performance of hybrid systems. For optimization of fuzzy control strategy, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm has been considered to determine the battery’s state of charge and fuel cell power in maximum efficiency operating point. The fuel cell hybrid vehicle includes battery and fuel cell and its power train system include an Electric Motor (EM) and power electronic converters. Simulation results of hybrid system illustrate improvement in the operation efficiency of the fuel cell hybrid vehicle and the battery’s state of charge (SOC) and fuel cell utilization factor have been maintained at a reasonable level.}, keywords_fa = {fuel cell,Battery,Hybrid Vehicle,fuzzy control,PSO,Optimization}, url = {https://jsfm.shahroodut.ac.ir/article_68.html}, eprint = {https://jsfm.shahroodut.ac.ir/article_68_f98a84ff627d9c555a0147f2c22624e9.pdf} } @article { author = {soleimani, ali and صاحبی, امین}, title = {Using Neural Networks to Predict Road Roughness}, journal = {Journal of Solid and Fluid Mechanics}, volume = {2}, number = {3}, pages = {63-69}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Shahrood University of Technology}, issn = {2251-9475}, eissn = {2251-9483}, doi = {10.22044/jsfm.2013.92}, abstract = {When a vehicle travels on a road, different parts of vehicle vibrate because of road roughness. This paper proposes a method to predict road roughness based on vertical acceleration using neural networks. To this end, first, the suspension system and road roughness are expressed mathematically. Then, the suspension system model will identified using neural networks. The results of this step show that the neural networks model of suspension system will be well. The mean and max errors are 0.0013% and 0.0012, respectively. Finally, the inverse suspension system model is extracted by using neural networks to determine the relationship between road roughness and vibration or displacement. Using this step to predict the road quality. In this step, the mean error is 2.1% and max error is 0.028. Therefore, the results show that the proposed method can be used to identify the suspension system, inverse suspension system and predict the quality of roads}, keywords = {Road roughness prediction,neural networks,Suspension system,modeling}, title_fa = {Using neural networks to predict road roughness}, abstract_fa = {When a vehicle travels on a road, different parts of vehicle vibrate because of road roughness. This paper proposes a method to predict road roughness based on vertical acceleration using neural networks. To this end, first, the suspension system and road roughness are expressed mathematically. Then, the suspension system model will identified using neural networks. The results of this step show that the neural networks model of suspension system will be well. The mean and max errors are 0.0013% and 0.0012, respectively. Finally, the inverse suspension system model is extracted by using neural networks to determine the relationship between road roughness and vibration or displacement. Using this step to predict the road quality. In this step, the mean error is 2.1% and max error is 0.028. Therefore, the results show that the proposed method can be used to identify the suspension system, inverse suspension system and predict the quality of roads.}, keywords_fa = {پیشگویی ناهمواری جاده,شبکه عصبی,سیستم تعلیق,مدلسازی}, url = {https://jsfm.shahroodut.ac.ir/article_92.html}, eprint = {https://jsfm.shahroodut.ac.ir/article_92_79667454bbd33ff5ab5759013512e973.pdf} } @article { author = {سیاهی, مهدی and Alfi, Alireza and Nazari Maryam Abadi, Davood and Khooban, Mohammad Hassan}, title = {Optimal Intelligent Control for Glucose Regulation}, journal = {Journal of Solid and Fluid Mechanics}, volume = {2}, number = {3}, pages = {71-79}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Shahrood University of Technology}, issn = {2251-9475}, eissn = {2251-9483}, doi = {10.22044/jsfm.2012.67}, abstract = {This paper introduces a novel control methodology based on fuzzy controller for a glucose-insulin regulatory system of type I diabetes patient. First, in order to incorporate knowledge about patient treatment, a fuzzy logic controller is employed for regulating the gains of the basis Proportional-Integral (PI) as a self-tuning controller. Then, to overcome the key drawback of fuzzy logic controller, i.e., the lack of systematic methods to define fuzzy rules and fuzzy membership functions, fuzzy PI controller are optimised by Particle Swarm Optimization with Linearly Decreasing Weight (LDW-PSO) algorithm, which is a novel evolutionary computation technique. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed optimal fuzzy PI controller in terms of accuracy and time margin. This paper introduces a novel control methodology based on fuzzy controller for a glucose-insulin regulatory system of type I diabetes patient. First, in order to incorporate knowledge about patient treatment, a fuzzy logic controller is employed for regulating the gains of the basis Proportional-Integral (PI) as a self-tuning controller. Then, to overcome the key drawback of fuzzy logic controller, i.e., the lack of systematic methods to define fuzzy rules and fuzzy membership functions, fuzzy PI controller are optimised by Particle Swarm Optimization with Linearly Decreasing Weight (LDW-PSO) algorithm, which is a novel evolutionary computation technique. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed optimal fuzzy PI controller in terms of accuracy and time margin}, keywords = {Type 1 diabetes,Bergman Model,Fuzzy Logic Control,Particle Swram Optimization PI Controller}, title_fa = {Optimal intelligent control for glucose regulation}, abstract_fa = {This paper introduces a novel control methodology based on fuzzy controller for a glucose-insulin regulatory system of type I diabetes patient. First, in order to incorporate knowledge about patient treatment, a fuzzy logic controller is employed for regulating the gains of the basis Proportional-Integral (PI) as a self-tuning controller. Then, to overcome the key drawback of fuzzy logic controller, i.e., the lack of systematic methods to define fuzzy rules and fuzzy membership functions, fuzzy PI controller are optimised by Particle Swarm Optimization with Linearly Decreasing Weight (LDW-PSO) algorithm, which is a novel evolutionary computation technique. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed optimal fuzzy PI controller in terms of accuracy and time margin. This paper introduces a novel control methodology based on fuzzy controller for a glucose-insulin regulatory system of type I diabetes patient. First, in order to incorporate knowledge about patient treatment, a fuzzy logic controller is employed for regulating the gains of the basis Proportional-Integral (PI) as a self-tuning controller. Then, to overcome the key drawback of fuzzy logic controller, i.e., the lack of systematic methods to define fuzzy rules and fuzzy membership functions, fuzzy PI controller are optimised by Particle Swarm Optimization with Linearly Decreasing Weight (LDW-PSO) algorithm, which is a novel evolutionary computation technique. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed optimal fuzzy PI controller in terms of accuracy and time margin}, keywords_fa = {Type 1 diabetes,Bergman Model,Fuzzy Logic Control,Particle Swram Optimization PI Controller}, url = {https://jsfm.shahroodut.ac.ir/article_67.html}, eprint = {https://jsfm.shahroodut.ac.ir/article_67_4083a7eb38a033a09dd000ff3d20097b.pdf} }